IP68 vs. IP69: A Guide to Waterproof Ratings and Protection

This guide deep dives into the definitions, testing procedures, differences, applications and other essential aspects of IP68 vs. IP69 ratings, shedding light on their significance in the design and application of modern electronic devices.

What are Ingress Protection (IP) Ratings?

The IP code, also known as the International Protection Marking or Ingress Protection, classifies and rates the protection provided by an enclosure against solids (like dust) and liquids (like water). The IP code consists of two digits, each representing a specific level of protection. The first number signifies protection against solid particles, while the second number represents immunity from liquid particles.

What defines an IP68 Rating?

An IP68 waterproof rating signifies that IP68 enclosures are dust-tight and capable of withstanding immersion beyond 1 meter in water for a specified time (usually 30 minutes to 1 hour). The “6” in the first digit indicates complete protection against dust and other solid particles, while the “8” in the second digit indicates its ability to withstand water immersion beyond 1 meter.

To achieve an IP68 rating, a device must undergo strict testing. The dust test involves exposing the device to a controlled amount of dust in a dust chamber, ensuring no dust particles enter the enclosure. In the water immersion test, the device should continue functioning normally after the test to obtain the IP68 certification.

What defines an IP69 Rating?

The IP69 rating offers protection against high-pressure liquids and steam cleaning, in addition to being dust-tight. The “6” in the first digit signifies the same dust protection as in IP68. The “9” in the second digit indicates the device’s ability to withstand close-range high-pressure, high-temperature water jets (ranging from 80 to 100 bar) and steam cleaning.

To achieve an IP69 rating, devices must undergo additional and more intensive testing compared to IP68. The high-pressure water jet test involves subjecting the device to powerful water jets from multiple angles and distances. The device’s enclosure, which can be a NEMA enclosure, should prevent water ingress, ensuring its internal components remain protected. Additionally, the steam cleaning test simulates intense cleaning conditions, ensuring the device remains impervious to high-temperature steam.

What are the Differences Between IP68 and IP69?

While both IP68 and IP69 ratings offer a high level of protection, there are distinct differences that make each rating suitable for different applications and environments. These differences include the following:

• Water Ingress Protection: IP68 devices can withstand continuous immersion beyond 1 meter, making them ideal for underwater applications. On the other hand, IP69 devices are designed to endure high-pressure water jets and steam cleaning, but they may not be suitable for prolonged submersion.
• Intended Use: IP68-rated devices are commonly found in outdoor lighting and various industrial applications. IP69, with its robust protection against high-pressure cleaning, is commonly used in environments that require frequent and intense cleaning, such as food processing, medical equipment and certain industrial settings.

What are the Applications of IP68 and IP69 Ratings?

Selecting the correct enclosure material, such as polycarbonate or ABS, is just as vital as the rating itself. Both ratings find use in various industries depending on environmental conditions.

IP68 Applications

• Marine Electronics: Submersible sensors and waterproof boxes for docks or vessels.
• Outdoor Infrastructure: Lighting and junction boxes exposed to heavy rain or flooding.
• Industrial Machinery: Equipment in dusty or damp mining environments and water treatment plants.
• Consumer Electronics: Smartphones, tablets, and other devices requiring high-level water resistance and dust protection.

IP69 Applications

• Food Processing: Machinery requiring high-temp sanitation to prevent bacterial growth.
• Medical Devices: Equipment subjected to intense steam cleaning for sterilization.
• Agriculture: Equipment frequently hosed down to remove heavy mud, debris, and chemicals.
• Industrial Equipment: Machinery exposed to close-range high-pressure water requires an IP69 rating to maintain optimal performance.

What are the Advantages and Limitations of IP68 and IP69?

While both IP68 and IP69 ratings offer significant protection against dust and water, they each come with their advantages and limitations that are essential to consider when choosing the appropriate rating for a specific application.

Advantages of IP68 Rating

• Complete Dust Protection: Devices with an IP68 rating are dust-tight, providing a high level of protection against fine particles and debris. This is especially beneficial for devices operating in dusty and challenging environments, such as construction sites or mining operations.
• Continuous Immersion: IP68 devices can withstand immersion in water beyond 1 meter for a considerable time. This makes them suitable for applications where devices may be exposed to water for extended periods, like underwater cameras or marine equipment.

Limitations of IP68 Rating

• Limited Water Pressure Resistance: While IP68 devices can withstand immersion in water, they may not be suitable for applications that involve high-pressure water. The rating does not guarantee protection against such conditions.
• Submersion Limits: While IP68 devices can endure immersion, prolonged submersion in water can still lead to potential water ingress over time. This limitation is critical to consider for devices that will be subjected to continuous underwater use.

Advantages of IP69 Rating

• High-Pressure Resistance: IP69 devices are specifically designed to withstand close-range, high-pressure water jets. This makes them ideal for industries that require extensive cleaning procedures, such as the food and beverage industry, where equipment must be sanitized regularly.
• Steam Cleaning: The IP69 rating ensures that devices can withstand steam cleaning processes, offering a level of protection required for medical devices and certain industrial equipment where sterilization is essential.
• Enhanced Durability: The stringent testing procedures result in a more rugged enclosure design capable of withstanding aggressive sanitation cycles.

Limitations of IP69 Rating

• No Continuous Immersion Guarantee: Unlike IP68, IP69 does not offer specific protection against prolonged immersion in water. Devices with IP69 ratings may not be suitable for applications requiring continuous underwater use.
• Complexity and Cost: Achieving the IP69 rating may require more complex and specialized enclosure designs, such as a NEMA enclosure, leading to increased manufacturing costs.

Which IP Rating Should You Choose?

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